EBGP multihop

Written on by admin on. Posted in BGP

EBGP multihop option often is used to peer with an external neighbor. If there are multiple paths between EBGP peers you will probably want to take advantage of that. Therefore you will need to use a loopback interface as update source. By default, BGP allows to establish EBGP neighborships to peers residing on direclty connected networks, it is limited by TTL (which is 1 by default for EBGP peers).

If you want to establish connections to peers which are not directly connected use this command:

neighbor {ip-add | group-name} ebgp-multihop [ttl]

ttl is Time to Live value.

Let’s examine a scenario and to apply EBGP multihop feature to it. Below you see the scenario used for this.

EBGP multihop

As usual, Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP) information is not exchanged between ISPs, therefore I will use static routes on ISP1 to have routes to ISP2’s loopback and viceversa. Next, I present you interfaces configurations and static routes on routers.

ISP1

ISP1(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/0
ISP1(config-if)#ip address 10.0.0.1 255.255.255.252 
ISP1(config-if)#no shutdown 
ISP1(config-if)#interface fastEthernet 0/1
ISP1(config-if)#ip address 10.0.1.1 255.255.255.252
ISP1(config-if)#no shutdown 
ISP1(config-if)#interface lo 0
ISP1(config-if)#ip address 192.168.0.1 255.255.255.255 
ISP1(config-if)#exit
ISP1(config)#ip route 192.168.100.1 255.255.255.255 10.0.0.2 
ISP1(config)#ip route 192.168.100.1 255.255.255.255 10.0.1.2

ISP2

ISP2(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/0
ISP2(config-if)#ip address 10.0.0.2 255.255.255.252
ISP2(config-if)#no shutdown 
ISP2(config-if)#interface fastEthernet 0/1
ISP2(config-if)#ip address 10.0.1.2 255.255.255.252
ISP2(config-if)#no shutdown 
ISP2(config-if)#interface lo 0
ISP2(config-if)#ip address 192.168.100.1 255.255.255.255
ISP2(config-if)#exit
ISP2(config)#ip route 192.168.0.1 255.255.255.255 10.0.0.1
ISP2(config)#ip route 192.168.0.1 255.255.255.255 10.0.1.1

Now, once we have connection, we can proceed to BGP configuration:

ISP1

ISP1(config)#router bgp 65000
ISP1(config-router)#neighbor 192.168.100.1 remote-as 65100 
ISP1(config-router)#neighbor 192.168.100.1 update-source loopback 0
ISP1(config-router)#neighbor 192.168.100.1 ebgp-multihop 2

ISP2

ISP2(config)#router bgp 65100
ISP2(config-router)#neighbor 192.168.0.1 remote-as 65000
ISP2(config-router)#neighbor 192.168.0.1 update-source loopback 0
ISP2(config-router)#neighbor 192.168.0.1 ebgp-multihop 2

And now verification on ISP1:

ISP1#show ip bgp summary 
BGP router identifier 192.168.0.1, local AS number 65000
BGP table version is 1, main routing table version 1

Neighbor        V    AS MsgRcvd MsgSent   TblVer  InQ OutQ Up/Down  State/PfxRcd
192.168.100.1   4 65100       7       7        1    0    0 00:04:10        0
ISP1#

TTL value can be checked this way:

ISP1#show ip bgp neighbors 

... output ommited ...

  Connections established 1; dropped 0
  Last reset never
  External BGP neighbor may be up to 2 hops away.
Connection state is ESTAB, I/O status: 1, unread input bytes: 0            
Connection is ECN Disabled, Mininum incoming TTL 0, Outgoing TTL 2
Local host: 192.168.0.1, Local port: 37835
Foreign host: 192.168.100.1, Foreign port: 179

... output ommited ...

ISP1#
We have reached the end of this lab, with such configuration and scenario we get redundancy across the two links between autonomous systems. Have a nice day!
EBGP multihop 2.28 KB
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